Blue green algae in shrimp pond.

Hello everyone:
   Today we will see about occurance and effect of blue green algae in shrimp pond.

What is blue green algae?
    Blue green is also known as cyanobacteria. Yes it is a type of bacteria. There many confusion in which kingdom it goes.. it is a prokaryotic (no nucleus). It is a photosynthetic organism and have various pigments like ...
Chlorophyll a - You saw green colour in this algae. This green colour is due to this pigment.
Blue pigment - phycobilin. 
It is called as Blue green algae.
Some have red pigments and carotenoids.

How we find in pond?
      You can easily observe the blue green algae by visual appearance. It have dark green in colour. It forms a mate at corner of the pond(at initial stage). Then it will spread to the entire pond.
Looks like green paint.

Examples:
      Microcystis, nostoc, oscillatoria, anabaena etc...
(Microcystis mostly found).

Did you know?
    Blue green algae have the capability of making mutual relationship with others. Ex: Anabaena make relationship with azolla.
   It reproduced by asexual (binary fission, fragmentation)
    Some filamentous species of blue green algae have the capability of spore formation.

Where bluegreen algae present?
     It is present in the surface of the water. This algae have some gas vesicles on its inner side. This has vesicles helps to float this algae always on surface region.

When it will appear?
      It is observed that more growth of blue green algae occurs in high temperature. Because high temperature causes formation of thermal  stratification layer on water. It prevents the mixing of nutrients. At that time this algae can easily compete with other planktons and prevents other planktons growth.
       It also appears when excess of nutrient loads is present in the water. If excess of nutrient like nitrogen and phosphorus present means it does not get out of your pond easily.
      Maintain proper usage of feed in your pond. 
It will not get out of your pond until the proper maintenance happens.

                  Improper pond management
                    Improper pond preparation
                         Wastage of feed
                 Loading of excess nutrients
      Chance for occurance of Blue green algae
                  Takes oxygen at night 
                   Affects shrimp health
                        Death of algae
                        Produce toxins
            Died algae moves to pond bottom
        Excess oxygen required for degradation
                       Increases BOD.......

So many bad things happens if you are not properly maintaining. Then waste of money..

Toxins:
     Bluegreen algae can produce toxins and it affects the shrimp. Toxins produced by cyanobacteria is called cyanotoxins. Some species release toxins at even alive. Some species release toxins after death. It require so many days to deactivate the toxins which is produced by bluegreen algae.
Microcystis produces microsystin toxin. Heavily occurance of bloom will produce this type of toxin.
Some species produce neurotoxin.
If it produces toxin means then it will affect the hepatopancreas of the shrimp. It leads to other diseases. Toxins does not kills the species easily but if the algae is eaten by the shrimp then it gives some bad odour. It is accumulated in the body of the animal.

Note: if not any feed available, at rare situation only shrimp eats bluegreen algae.

How to prevent in shrimp pond?
      Proper aeration required. Because aeration causes proper mixing of pond water. Avoid excess loading of organic wastes and other nutrients in pond. Properly maintain pH of the pond. Some earthern pond have huge phosphate accumulation, so it also leads to bloom. We have to check it. Properly disinfect the pond water. Good preparation method must be followed during preparation.

What will do if I found bluegreen algae in my pond?
     Cool.. we can control it. It is better to exchange about 25% of the pond water. Yes it is very better...keep it in mind..
     Try to manually removes the bloom.
     We have to prevent the nutrients , so use soil probiotics in pond and use sludge pump if any excess organic matter found in your pond.
     Increase the aeration in your pond.
      If you prevents the excess nutrients that is available for bluegreen algae, then it automatically destructed from pond.
     If these are not working then go for applying hydrogen peroxide at low concentration. There is a huge involvement of Hydrogen peroxide in killing bluegreen algae. But careful before application because excess application of Hydrogen peroxide leads to killing of other planktons in your pond.
     I will tell the reason of using Hydrogen peroxide in killing of blue green algae.
    You can also use copper sulphate to prevent this.

If your pond is affected by bluegreen algae. Properly prepare the pond for the next culture. Because if the bluegreen algae dies then this will release toxins , this toxins in active form for some days upto 2 months also. 

Proper maintenance leads to good culture...
                 Thank you 😊.

P.Dhivagar BFSc,
9384346193.
dhivagarfcri2000@gmail.com.


    

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