How fermentation helps on proliferation of beneficial bacteria in shrimp farming?

Hello everyone:

    Today we will see about the use of fermented probiotics application in shrimp farming.

    I already posted in my blog about aerobic, anaerobic bacteria uses in shrimp pond and definition about probiotics and it uses.

Fermented probiotics application before stocking:

     If you are doing shrimp culture, then you definitely know about this fermented probiotics application in your pond. 

      Different farmers uses different ingredients in the fermentation medium. Before that I tell about benefits of yeasts.

Note: Prebiotics+ Probiotics = Synbiotics.

If your applied the fermented probiotics with the help of prebiotics like ricebran then the final product called Synbiotics. 

We can't separately use prebiotic sources because some of them needs breakdown process through fermentation. We can't directly add probiotics because before adding we have to activate and proliferate the amount of beneficial bacteria.

For this reason only, we are going to fermentation and it is called Synbiotics and it have very good results compare to the separate use of prebiotics and probiotics.

Yeasts:

       It is a unicellular eukaryotic organism. Nowadays, many research going on that, how to utilize the use of yeasts in shrimp farming. Yes, it has various capabilities. Yeast can bring the chemical changes very fastly. It have high metabolic rate than bacteria and have rapid growth. It have good beneficial activity on animal gut also.

Fermentation of yeast with rice bran then adding probiotics into the medium gives very good results in shrimp pond.

      During fermentation, yeast produces valuable compounds and extracellular enzymes like amylase, cellulase, protease. The enzymes produced by the yeast is helpful for the probiotic bacteria for breakdown the compounds into simple molecules. Oligosaccharides are not digested by the intestine, by this process bacteria can breakdown these compounds into simple molecules. Yeast fermented in aerobic method gives good results, it produces end products such as carbon dioxide and water.

        Yeast can also tolerate the acidic environment. But specific strains only gives benefits. Mostly used species is saccharomyces cerevisiae.

   

It is one type of fermentation,

                        Rice bran 

(Used as a energy source for yeast and probiotic bacteria)

                       Yeast

 (Produces protein, phenolic compounds, bioactive compounds, antioxidants, antimutagenic compounds, anti inflammatory compounds, antimicrobials etc..)

                       Probiotic bacteria

(Specific strains like Bacillus, streptomyces)

           Aerobic fermentation for 18-24 hrs.

Fermentation for more than 12 hours gives best results.

Fermentation is nothing but the action of enzymes. If any reaction influenced by enzyme and produce any chemical changes, then it is called fermentation. In this preparation, bacteria utilize the energy source from prebiotics and with enzymatic changes happens inside the medium.

Ricebran:

    In this application, better to use defatted and deoiled ricebran for the better reaction. It contains good protein about 18-20%. High amount of sucrose and starch. It also contains vitamin B and minerals. It is a good food source for bacteria proliferation.

    Sometimes the oils content in the ricebran cause deterioration. Hydrolysis( chemical reaction in the presence of water) and oxidation of oil can be prevented by using defatted and deoiled ricebran.

Method:

    Heat the water to prevent the unwanted microorganism and add prebiotics sources like ricebran (also can use jaggery, soyabean meal and many other ingredients in the water),  and then add yeast (if you want) and add probiotics bacteria and give aeration for the complete process. In this process, yeast breakdown the ricebran and produce some valuable bioactive compounds from ricebran. Then the probiotic bacteria present in the medium also grows well by utilizing the energy and it also produce certain compounds. This is the simple narration of the process.

Combination of fermentation of ricebran and yeast give good results.

Uses in shrimp pond:

        If we applied to the pond water, the beneficial bacteria present in the medium spread into the pond and prevents the growth of harmful bacteria in that environment.

       Application of fermented juice will cause the formation of small flocs in the aquatic environment. It is used as the food source of the stocking species.

        The carbon source and other nutrients present in the fermented juice will increase the growth of zooplanktons like copepods in the pond ecosystem. 

         It also combines with other aggregates and forms microbial proteins which can used as food for shrimp. It cleans the harmful microorganisms  and converts the any organic matter present in the pond ecosystem.

         The beneficial compounds like antioxidants and immune supporting compounds etc.. are present in the end product of fermentation.

          These are the various use of fermented juice application in pond water. It will create perfect environment for shrimp growth. I just narrate the happening of reaction in the medium. Different farmers use different ingredients based on the guidence of technical supporter.

P.Dhivagar BFSc,

Technical executive - Growel feeds

9384346193