Importance of soil organic carbon in shrimp farming.


Hello everyone:
      Today we will see about some important topic related to soil quality. 
      How many of you check your soil organic carbon content before starting the culture?
    I think, most of us not seeing and not following any procedures..liming, water filling, juice application these only happens very commonly.....

Soil organic carbon:
      If you knew the importance of soil organic carbon in shrimp culture, then you will definitely check this parameter before stocking...
      First I would like tell about two types of soil called organic and mineral soil..
Organic soil - It contains more than 20 % of organic matter.
Mineral soil - It contains less than 20% of organic matter.

 Where the organic carbon present?
          The organic carbon is present in the organic matter of your pond. If your pond is newly constructed means , it have only little amount of organic matter... If it is aged pond means then it have large amount of organic matter and organic carbon also. 40-50 % of organic matter is mainly consists of organic carbon only....
          We see what is organic matter and how it is forms in pond ecosystem.
           Organic matter is derived from living organisms. The things which has capability of decaying  and broken down. After that they forms organic matter. It is decomposed residues of plants, animals and microorganisms .. Imagine.. if any plant is die then the plant settle in bottom and starts slowly decomposing with the help of microorganisms. After decomposition, the nutrients present in the plant residue like phosphorus, sulfur are available at that place and carbon also available.. because at the time of plant growing, it maximum utilize carbon for the photosynthesis...So, organic matter contains lots of nutrients which is essential for the microbial growth, plant growth, if water filled means then the nutrients released into water and increases primary productivity.

Organic matter of soil consists of organic carbon. Soil organic matter have lots of functions...
Organic matter helps to bind more minerals to the soil.. and also increases the availability of minerals throughout the culture..

Soil is generally divided into many layers. On this the top layer consists of more organic matter compare to bottom layer.
Imagine.. if you are doing culture for 10 years... How much feed you used , how much fecal matter deposited and decomposed... Many researches told, aged ponds have more organic sediments in bottom of soil.... In end of every culture , we added more organic load to the soil....

Only the aerobic layer is oxidizes and anaerobic layer remains anaerobic for so many years.. In this anaerobic condition, the microorganisms produce various toxic metabolites to the pond soil... Are you see the black colour of bottom soil... Yes, it is due to organic settlement at anaerobic condition. Ferrous iron, hydrogen sulfide and many of the toxic metabolites are produces under anaerobic condition..
 
It denotes importance of....
*Ploughing
*Drying 
*Sediments removal ....
  In your pond soil. All are know clayey soil is best for Aquaculture.. Why it is best?
Clayey soil is more reactive compare to sand and silt.. It has negative charge on it . And it attracts more cations to the soil .. example important minerals like calcium, magnesium etcc.. anyway it is a another broad topic... We will see later.

Acidic -. If your clay soil attracts or holds more aluminum ions, then this aluminum ions reacts with water and produces aluminum hydroxides and releases more H+ ions .. so only we call aluminum and ferrous ions causes acidic...

The soil organic matter determines the soil water holding capacity... Soil minerals and nutrients retention capacity.. Soil microorganisms population.. proper release of essential nutrients like phosphorus to your pond ecosystem. Soil organic matter determines the soil fertility.. 
 It determines the cationic exchange capacity of your soil. Generally 1-3 % of organic carbon in your pond is very good for Aquaculture practices.

Beyond the water quality, our pond soils also plays major role in your success crop..  before preparation you must check the soil quality also..if the pond is non diseased pond means, you can go for lime based on pH. If you know the mineral availability, organic carbon in your soil, then you can cut some of unnecessary applications to your ponds. Because soil have only some of capacity for holding ions and releases. If the ions excess then it causes precipitation . Important to know about soil cationic exchange capacity , soil texture, soil water holding capacity.. low or excess of organic matter not gives you better and success culture... 

In next blog, will see about the reactions happens in soil and effect of pH in soil and all the advantage and disadvantages.

Maintain the soil.... Correct the soil..... Start the culture....
                          Thank you 😊.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Better clarification about pH and Alkalinity in shrimp pond. Water quality series -3

Image
  Hello everyone:     Most of us confused between pH and alkalinity in the pond ecosystem. If there is low concentration of pH and alkalinity means we can increase but if there is high pH and alkalinity means it is some difficult to reduce .           pH and Alkalinity are related but different. pH and Alkalinity:       If you have shrimp pond then you definitely know the variance of pH in the water. You want to know means , you can check 4 to 5 times in a day. you must saw the pH fluctuations. Yes, pH is very important factor determines the shrimp culture. based on the level of pH you can tell , what happening in your shrimp pond.       Fluctuations of pH is mainly determined by amount of carbon dioxide in your pond water. Other factors like soil pH, soil deposits like calcium carbonate, planktons density also determines the changes of pH in your water.   pH :       I am also tell the same meaning, pH is determined by hydrogen ion concentration.             pH low - high hydrogen
Read more >>>

How copepods develops in shrimp pond after applying fermented juice?

Image
Hello everyone:      Are you know which is shrimp favourite food in zooplanktons? Yes, it is copepods. Shrimp eats more copepods which is present in the pond.       In last blog, I told about the reactions and preparation of fermented juice using organic substrates. It is the continuation of that blog. In this I will tell about how zooplanktons(especially copepods) developed after fermented juice application. Main purpose of fermented juice in shrimp pond:      Increase the beneficial microbial colonies by fermentation and produce various substances which is beneficial for beneficial organism growth. After application, it will forms the microbial proteins in the water column. It serve as a natural food for shrimp at stocking time.     Initially, we have to give some natural live feeds because it increases the strength and natural immune system of the Shrimp. So only we prepared for development of zooplanktons in the pond.   What are planktons?         Phytoplankton and Zoo
Read more >>>

How temperature plays major role in shrimp farming.(Water quality series - 1)

Image
Hello everyone:      Today we will see the importance of temperature in shrimp culture. What are the problems will come due to the temperature variance in shrimp pond.      Most of the persons who doing shrimp farm must know about the things what happened during temperature Change.       Shrimp grows very fastly, but we can't culture throughout the year. Why?     If you are doing intensive or super intensive system means no problem. But you are doing the culture of shrimp on outside means you have to fix the culture days based on climate change(keep in mind). Ok let's jump into topic. Temperature :       Most of the farmers doing in outer earthern pond. So in these situations, temperature plays important role in growth of our shrimp. We all focus only on ammonia, nitrite, H2S, but indirectly temperature plays very crucial role.         Heat is produced in water due to sunlight. Because sunlight have some energy in the form of photons , when it comes to contact with
Read more >>>